Aim : Small Scale Power Generation
Benefits : Methane Abatement, Renewable Energy, Carbon Credit Generation
Fuel : Coal Mine Methane
Methane gas is released during coal mining and if not carefully controlled using ventilation or a combination of ventilation and gas capture techniques can create a serious safety hazard. Coal mine methane (CMM) is a significant contributor to industrial greenhouse gas emissions, in addition to being a potential source of energy. UCC has been involved in projects that seek to capture CMM abate it through the generation of electrical power using modern, high efficiency CMM fuelled generators under the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism).
Goal: Small Scale Power Generation
Benefits: Methane Abatement, Renewable Energy, Carbon Credit Generation
Landfill gas is released as organic waste degrades anaerobically. Landfill gas consists primarily of methane and carbon dioxide in roughly equal proportions and its build up is a major safety issue for landfill operators. Modern landfills are designed to ensure that the gas is vented to the atmosphere in a controlled way to obviate migration and emission hazards to workers and the public. Landfills are a potent source of greenhouse gas emissions and unacceptable odours impacting on local communities. In the industrialised countries, therefore, it is common practice for landfill operators to at least flare the gas and in many instances to extract, clean and use these gas to generate power. However, this capability does not exist in many developing countries. In addition, the composition of the waste differs from developed countries, such that existing technologies are not optimal.
LFG (Landfill Gas) projects seek to capture and abate emissions through the generation of electrical power. UCC assisted with the contracting, implementation and registration of LFG to energy projects under the CDM.
Typical projects aim to reduce emissions by approximately 100,000 tCO2 equivalent yearly over a 10-year crediting period. The characteristics of Chinese municipal solid waste result in much faster decomposition and release of gas than is normally seen in the west. The management of the waste tipping process permitted an immediate gas capture scenario. In the west, gas collection systems start to capture gas upon completion of tipping of waste as opposed to at the beginning. The project will generate power and carbon credits resulting from the abatement of methane and the displacement of coal based electricity with electricity from a lower emission source.
A typical LFG project is expected to generate approximately 16,000 MWh/year of electricity at its peak and a total of just under 1m carbon credits over its 10 year life.
Solar Systems Industrial Co. Ltd. was a company owned by Montgomery Partners Ltd that specialised in the R&D, marketing and supply of solar photovoltaic systems and a variety of solar modules and products. SSI offers more than a hundred various Solar Energized Products, with its principal focus being roadway Solar Lights.
We offer an entire range of money saving products specially created to furnish and complete roadways. Our products have been installed on roadways, Government and residential facilities in Europe, Asia, Africa and N. America.
Our broad range of money saving products are perfectly adapted to our clients specifications and meet most resource conservation and management regulations.
SSI operates and we ensure our sub-suppliers operate, according to ISO 9001. Our products can be utilized to retrofit existing lighting infrastructure or in Greenfield projects. These units are completely self-sufficient, with an LED or sodium light, a battery, an automatic ON/OFF controller, the solar panel and the Light Pole. There is no need for wiring to the grid, or excavating for wiring. Installation costs are reduced and on-going costs for electricity are eliminated.
We are evaluating new turbine technologies that employ considerably smaller land areas and that give out greater power output for a considerably smaller capital outlay. More efficient turbines and structures are the way forward in this arena as traditional technologies are extremely CAPEX intensive.
So far, the cumulative installed capacity of wind power projects is far below their gross potential (≤ 15%) despite very high level of policy support, tax benefits, long term financing schemes etc., for more than 10 years. One of the major barriers is the high costs of investments in these systems and the difficulty of achieving grid connections.
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the KyotoProtocol provides industrialised countries with an incentive to invest in emission reduction projects in developing countries to achieve a reduction in CO2 emissions at lowest cost that also promotes sustainable development in the host country.
Wind power projects could be of interest under the CDM because they directly displace greenhouse gas emissions while contributing to sustainable rural development, if developed correctly.
Our estimates indicate that there is a vast theoretical potential of CO2 mitigation by the use of wind energy. The annual potential Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) of wind power projects could theoretically reach 86 million. Under more realistic assumptions about diffusion of wind power projects based on past experiences with the government-run programs, annual CER volumes by 212could reach more than 1000 million and 1000’s of millions by 2020.
Energy is a vital input to economic growth and poverty reduction. This mission has been elaborated into Electricity Policies in many countries. The magnitude of investment needed to achieve electricity for all is vast. Current energy needs are primarily met by fossil fuels, the increased consumption of which has negative economic and environmental impacts. Historically, the power sector has coal as the predominant fuel source and nuclear or hydro power as the next important source.
By depending on fossil fuels, countries are exposed to price and supply fluctuations that undermine their national, regional and global energy security, considering the developing world’s rapidly growing energy consumption. Furthermore, the combustion of fossil fuels produces large amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, thereby damaging the atmosphere and contributing to climate change.
Cognizant of these issues, governments and international bodies are creating energy policies with a view to reliably meet the demand of all sectors for safe, clean, and convenient energy services in a technically efficient, economically viable, and environmentally sustainable manner. Penfield prescribes specific measures including optimizing the power supply mix through greater use of indigenous power resources and renewable energy pursuing technologies that maximize energy efficiency, and identifying related power sector reforms to control technical and commercial losses.
Among the measures, energy efficiency enhancement in the power supply side is one ofthe most critical challenges in terms of reducing GHG emission. In addition, to bridge the gap between demand and supply, especially in the context of limited financial resources, it has become imperative to look for optimum utilisation of existing installed generation capacity as continuous deterioration in the performance of thermal power stations had been observed over recent years
The generation of power from biomass residues such as sugar cane bagasse is a well known quantum and one in which the group have considerable expertise. The management of the process, from design to implementation to operation and finance, is a priority for the group. The goal is to improve the efficiency of sugar refineries and their use of steam at a zero capital cost to the plant, whilst providing am invaluable source of renewable energy to the national grid.
The Group have been involved with the development and improvement of several processes and systems seeking to collect, package or briquette various types of biomass for onward use in power stations. Biomass generators have provided an effective and cost efficient standby use for factories facing grid power outages versus the traditionally more expensive diesel generators. There are currently plans to develop programs that encompass collection of biomass, grading and briquetting, and then sale and trading across international boundaries to the larger co-fired power stations around the world. The trading of biomass is an emerging global business that requires the disciplines of collection, sorting , warehouse management, bulk shipment, finance and trading, areas that the group have been active in for several years.
The team been involved in the design, building and installation of dozens of water and waste water treatment systems for industrial and municipal applications, throughout the world
